Anthology of Computers and the Humanities · Volume 3

Studying co-occurrences of texts in Middle Dutch prayer books

Peter Verhaar1 ORCID , Anna Dlabačová1 ORCID and Susanne de Jong1 ORCID

  • 1 Centre for the Arts in Society, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands

Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.63744/TsDYFPy1wlfMm

Published: 21 November 2025

Keywords: Prayer books, Devotion, PMI, Edit distance, Textual co-transmission

Abstract

This study explores the shared transmission of texts and the formation of possible groups of Middle Dutch prayer texts in Books of Hours. Using computational methods such as Pointwise Mutual Information, Jaccard similarity, and Levenshtein edit distance, the study identified statistically significant groupings and clusters of co-transmitted texts. These analyses revealed recurring structures, degrees of similarity between books, and regional compilation patterns. This study of the shared transmission of different books helps to shed light on devotional practices and reading behaviour in the late Middle ages.